We prove that for every countable dense subset D of a separable Hilbert space H\mathcal{H} there exists a continuous function with empty subdifferential at every point x outside D, meanwhile for every x in D the subdifferential at x is the whole space H\mathcal{H}.

Contact details are reproduced from the original publication and may be historical.

Juan Ferrera

Dep. de Análisis Matemático, Facultad Ciencias Matemáticas, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain

ferrera@mat.ucm.es

Javier Gómez Gil

Dep. de Análisis Matemático, Facultad Ciencias Matemáticas, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain

gomezgil@mat.ucm.es
  1. P. C. Allaart, K. Kawamura: The Takagi function: a survey. Real Anal. Exchange 37(1) (2011/12) 1–54.https://doi.org/10.14321/realanalexch.37.1.0001Google Scholar
  2. J. Benoist: Intégration du sous-différentiel proximal: un contre exemple, Canad. J. Math. 50(2) (1998) 242–265.https://doi.org/10.4153/CJM-1998-013-0Google Scholar
  3. J. Benoist: The size of the Dini subdifferential, Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 129(2) (2001) 525–530.https://doi.org/10.1090/S0002-9939-00-05549-0Google Scholar
  4. J. M. Borwein, W. B. Moors, X. Wang: Generalized subdifferentials: a Baire categorical approach, Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 353(10) (2001) 3875–3893.https://doi.org/10.1090/S0002-9947-01-02820-3Google Scholar
  5. J. M. Borwein, S. Sciffer: An explicit non-expansive function whose subdifferential is the entire dual ball, in: Nonlinear Analysis and Optimization II, Contemp. Math. 514, Amer. Math. Soc., Providence (2010) 99–103.https://doi.org/10.1090/conm/514/10101Google Scholar
  6. F. H. Clarke, Y. S. Ledyaev, R. J. Stern, P. R. Wolenski: Nonsmooth Analysis and Control Theory, Graduate Texts in Mathematics 178, Springer, New York (1998).Google Scholar
  7. F. H. Clarke, Y. S. Ledyaev, P. R. Wolenski: Proximal analysis and minimization principles, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 196(2) (1995) 722–735.https://doi.org/10.1006/jmaa.1995.1436Google Scholar
  8. J. Ferrera: An Introduction to Nonsmooth Analysis, Elsevier/Academic Press, Amsterdam (2014).Google Scholar
  9. K. M. Garg: On asymmetrical derivates of non-differentiable functions, Canad. J. Math. 20 (1968) 135–143.https://doi.org/10.4153/CJM-1968-015-1Google Scholar
  10. K. M. Garg: Theory of Differentiation: A Unified Theory of Differentiation via New Derivate Theorems and New Derivatives, Canadian Mathematical Society Series of Monographs and Advanced Texts 24, Wiley, New York (1998).Google Scholar
  11. P. Góra, R. J. Stern: Subdifferential analysis of the Van der Waerden function, J. Convex Analysis 18(3) (2011) 699–705.https://doi.org/10.68381/jca18044Google Scholar
  12. J. Heinonen: Lectures on Analysis on Metric Spaces, Universitext, Springer, New York (2001).https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0131-8Google Scholar
  13. A. D. Ioffe: Approximate subdifferentials and applications. I: The finite-dimensional theory, Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 281(1) (1984) 389–416.https://doi.org/10.1090/S0002-9947-1984-0719677-1Google Scholar
  14. R. T. Rockafellar, R. J.-B. Wets: Variational Analysis, Grundlehren der Mathematischen Wissenschaften 317, Springer, Berlin (1998).https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02431-3Google Scholar
  15. T. Takagi: A simple example of continuous function without derivative, Proc. Phy. Math. Soc. Japan 1 (1903) 176–177.Google Scholar
  16. B. L. van der Waerden: Ein einfaches Beispiel einer nicht-differenzierbaren stetigen Funktion, Math. Z. 32(1) (1930) 474–475.https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01194647Google Scholar
  17. X. Wang: Subdifferentiability of real functions, Real Anal. Exchange 30(1) (2004/05) 137–171.https://doi.org/10.14321/realanalexch.30.1.0137Google Scholar

J. Ferrera, J. Gómez Gil. “Generalized Takagi-Van der Waerden Functions and their Subdifferentials.” Journal of Convex Analysis 25 (2018), No. 4, 1355–1369. https://doi.org/10.68381/jca25083